The labor market consists of at least four components that interact and provide continuous movement. Assume that the following components interact (Fig. 2.1):

• component 1 is employers who create vacancies and describe them in the form of
• V_i{a, b, c, d, e}, which describes the requirements for candidates for the job;
• component 2 – university entrants described as A_i{a, b, c, d, e, f} and its graduates with a description in the form of S_i{a, b, c, d, e, f};
• component 3, are the unemployed who apply for vacancies and are described as B_i{a, b, c, d, e, f};
• component 4, these are employed professionals, including self-employed, but who are trying on vacancies in the labor market. They are described as P_i{a, b, c, d, e, f}.

The parameters of vacancies and applicants for them have the following interpretation:

a – education; b – work experience; c – specialty (educational program); d – professional competencies; e – personal competencies, including soft skills; f – wishes of the applicant.

Demand and supply in the labor market by definition has two sides. Demand is assessed through an analysis of the set of vacancies that are declared by employers in terms of specialties, educational programs and other parameters. Announced vacancies are usually accompanied by a set of requirements for applicants, including not only education, work experience but also a list of professional and personal competencies V_i{a, b, c, d, e}. For its part, each candidate for a position has its own set of characteristics (parameters), including their own wishes f, on salary, mode of operation and so on.